Report

Report

Report

Greetings honorable directors and distinguished delegates,

I am Ojas Bhamare, a senior from Singapore International School. This is my Second year being a part of the UNISMUN conference and November 2026 marking my third conference first time being a chair in UNISMUN conference. I will serve as the Head chair of the Ezulwini Security Council. Through my multiple experiences as not only as chairs, but also as a delegate, I aim to make this conference enjoyable and unforgettable for all the delegates. 

The theme of the November 2026 conference is “To what extent can multilateralism remain effective in an increasingly divided world?” which is highly relevant to create trust among nations on the issue of the security of maritime trade globally and passing sanctions for the development and possession of weapons of mass destruction. To clarify, there is actually no “Ezulwini Security Council”  instead the Ezulwini Consensus is the official African Union (AU) policy designed to completely restructure the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) not only that but they Ezulwini got its name from the place where the African leaders in Eswatini to draft a document outlining Africa’s official, unified stance on the UN reform demanding for 2 permanent and 5 non-permanent seats in the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). 

In this conference, we will be debating over 2 topics. The first topic, “the question of sanctions for the development and possession of weapons of mass destruction,” invites the delegates to craft their resolutions keeping in mind the WMD proliferation, as the Ezulwini Consensus views as a fundamental historical injustice that 5 nuclear power possesses the control of Veto over the world, while the entire continent of 54 non-nuclear-armed states is locked out of the permanent decision-making on the international Security. The second topic is “The issue of the security of maritime trade globally.” Despite Africa coastlines being the world's most crucial shipping lanes, African nations have no permanent vote in the UNSC to govern them. When major maritime crises occur such as military flare-ups or grey-zone threats in the Strait of Hormuz or the Red Sea the UNSC frequently becomes paralyzed. The current Permanent Five (P5) members often use their vetoes or block thematic maritime resolutions based on their own superpower rivalries rather than the safety of global commerce.

While the Ezulwini Consensus presents us with viable solutions its a really hard topic to debate upon as there are no clear answers to these problems, current permanent members often resist reform to preserve the status quo. I urge all delegates to look beyond traditional divides and approach this topic with innovative, bold ideas.

See you all in November Cheers. 

Ojas Bhamare

Greeting honorable directors, distinguished delegates, fellow chairs, esteemed guests, ladies and gentlemen, 

My name is Hannah Nguyen, a senior in Quality School International of Haiphong. This upcoming UNISMUN November 2026 conference marks my third year and first time as a chair. It is a pleasure for me to serve as Deputy Chair of Ezulwini Security Council. 

The theme for the November 2026 conference is “To what extent can multilateralism remain effective in an increasingly divided world?” Throughout history, international cooperation has played an essential role in resolving conflicts, maintaining peace, and  pursuing collective security. However, geopolitical tensions increased, competing national interests, and ideological divisions continue to challenge the effectiveness of multilateral institutions. Despite many obstacles, multilateralism continues to play a vital role in establishing a diplomatic dialogue mechanism, promoting peaceful negotiation and conflict settlement. The effectiveness of multilateral cooperation does not necessarily depend on the absolute consensus among nations, but also showing through interested reconciliation capacity, building trusts, and reaching enforceable agreements. 

The Ezulwini Security Council (ESC) is a modified version of the Security Council, which advocates for equitable African representation and reforms to the existing international security frameworks. This committee is inspired by the Ezulwini Consensus adopted by the African Union in 2005. Unlike the Security Council (SC), the ESC’s permanent members increase from P5 to P10 with the original permanent members (United States, United Kingdom, China, Russia, France), G4 members (Japan, Brazil, India, Germany) and one more African member. G4 and one more African member are allowed to do “veto-overturn”, in which they can cast a veto regarding the P5’s original submitted veto. 

Our first topic is “The question of sanctions for the development & possession of weapons of mass destruction.” The development of the proliferation of mass nuclear weapons is always a threat to international peace and security. However, there is no denying the technological usefulness of these nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons for advanced development. Additionally, economics and diplomatic sanctions always discourage the development of these weapons without any restoring of military intervention. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of the nuclear weapons are often widely debated, regarding many humanitarian consequences and prolonged political implications. The challenging part for delegates is creating a resolution that satisfies member states, while discouraging the use of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons and still acknowledging the advantages of technological advancement.

Our second topic is “The issue of the security of maritime trade globally.” The security of maritime trade is an indispensable role to maintain international economic stability, global supply chains, and peaceful relations among nations. As more than 80% of global merchandise trade by volume is transported by sea, disruptions to major shipping routes can have serious consequences for international commerce, energy supplies, and food security. Delegates should emphasize the importance of conflicts such as Somali piracy, Houthi attacks in the Red sea, and the Russia-Ukraine War demonstrate how maritime insecurity can threaten economies worldwide. Furthermore, territorial disputes and geopolitical tensions raise concerns about national sovereignty, freedom of navigation, and international maritime law. 

Having said that, I am still looking for the discussion, fruitful debates, and recurrent vetoes. I hope delegates can enjoy your time and create many memorable memories in UNISMUN. 

Hannah Nguyen 

Greetings honorable chairs, distinguished delegates and most esteemed guests,

My name is Alison Choi and I am a sophomore at UNIS Hanoi. This is my fourth conference as a Chair, and I am more than honored to be serving as a Procedural Chair for the Ezulwini Security Council for this upcoming N2026 conference. 

The theme of this year’s November 2026 conference is "To what extent can multilateralism remain effective in an increasingly divided world?"  The meaning behind this theme talks about how multiple nations cooperating together can remain effective to solve global or multinational issues. A big example of a multilateral organization is the United Nations, because “multilateral” refers to two or more nations and organizations involved together. 

Moving on, the committee I’ll be chairing for, which is the Ezulwini Security Council (ESC for short), is a very crucial committee that plays an important role for this topic and conference. It is also a new advanced committee for UNISMUN. The main concept of ESC and its procedures are very similar to RSC, with the P5 and G4 veto powers. The only difference is that Ezulwini adds Brazil, Germany, India, Japan, and the African Union as permanent members (P10) with a possible “veto-overturn” of

2/3rds of the permanent members. It is recommended for you guys to check the UNISMUN Manual if  you are unaware of the Security Council rules. Check page 13!

That being said, the two topics for ESC this conference are 1) the question of sanctions for the development & possession of weapons of mass destruction, 2) the issue of the security of maritime trade globally. The first topic refers to the international debate and legal mechanisms surrounding the use of coercive measures and penalties that are applied on states, nations, organizations, etc. The second topic talks about protecting the world’s oceans, shipping lanes and crew members from threats that can interrupt international shipping and commerce. 

The two topics may seem difficult, but I assure you it will be a fun conference where all delegates will have fun. One tip to keep in mind is that you will understand the topic eventually when you listen to other delegate’s speeches and POI’s. As someone who has been a delegate for multiple conferences, I understand the struggles of not wanting to speak first and being nervous, but the main goal of MUN is to have fun and learn something new. As my responsibility as a Chair, I hope that all delegates in my committee had a wonderful experience and sees MUN as an open opportunity to grow, think critically and collaborate with everyone.

See you in the November conference!

Best regards,

Alison Choi